Preheat the oven to 200°C / 390°F.
Slice the eggplant, zucchini, tomatoes, onion, and bell pepper into thin, similar-sized rounds.
Heat two tablespoons of olive oil in an oven-safe skillet. Sauté the diced onion and diced bell pepper for 5 to 7 minutes.
Add garlic, thyme, oregano, salt, and pepper. Cook for 1 minute, then add the crushed tomatoes and simmer for 10 minutes.
Stir in the fresh basil and arrange the sliced vegetables over the sauce in alternating rows or a circular pattern.
Mix the remaining olive oil with the last garlic clove, salt, and pepper. Drizzle over the vegetables.
Cover and bake for 40 minutes. Uncover and bake for another 15 to 20 minutes, until tender and lightly browned.
Rest for 5 minutes, then serve warm with bread, rice, couscous, or polenta.